Main topics to review from textbook chapters in Horizons by Seeds

Chapter 10 -- Deaths of Stars
Evolution to giant stars off main sequence
Lifetimes of stars on and off the main sequence
Aging of star clusters on the HR diagram
White dwarfs and degenarate matter
Planetary nebulas
Novas and Supernovas


Chapter 11 -- Neutron Stars and Black Holes
Discovery of Pulsars
Light House model
Conservation of Angular momentum
The Crab Pulsar
Escape velocity and the event horizon
Black hole effects (gravitational redshift, time dilation, etc.)


Chapter 12 -- The Milky Way
The size and structure of the Milky Way
Cepheid Variables and the period-luminosity relationship
Star clusters
Stellar populations
Spiral Structure
The Center of the Milky Way

Chapter 13 -- Galaxies
Galaxy types/classification
Distances to galaxies
Galaxy rotation curves, masses, and dark matter
Galaxy clusters
Galaxy interactions (tidal tails, ring galaxies, starbursts, etc.)

Chapter 14 -- Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN)
Seyfert Galaxies, "Unified model"
Radio Galaxies
Quasars
Redshifts (z)
Quasar gravitational lensing

Chapter 15(.1) -- Cosmology
Olber's Paradox
The Hubble Law as explained by universal expansion
The microwave background radiation and recombination
Big Bang nucleosynthesis (production of helium, etc.)