Galaxy Formation
Lots of theory here!
Jeans (1902), gravitational collapse in a stationary medium,
depends on sound speed and density
Lifshitz (1946), general case including expanding medium,
but collapse is not typically exponetial and structures grow
very slowly – too slowly! Cannot start with infinitesimal
perturbations.
Zeldovich, Novikov, Peebles (1960s) used finite
perturbations (1 part in 10000).
Main test of all this is the cosmic microwave background
radiation, since fluctations should leave imprints.